Alpabet Turkik na Robi
Alpabet Turkik na Robi (ditanda do pe dohot pandokan marragam songon Alpabet Göktürk, Alpabet Orkhon, Alpabet Orkon-Yenisey, Alpabet Runik Turkik) i ma hurup na diparhaseanghon halak Göktürk dohot pigapiga khanate (harajaon) Turkik na asing sian abad paualuhon sahat tu abad pasampuluhon laho manggurithon hata Turkik na Robi.[1]
Asal goar ni Surat Orkhon i ma sian Rura Orkhon di Mongolia, inganan ni pigapiga tugu na didomuhon Nikolai Yadrintsev.[2]
Angka pandokanna digurit sian siamun tu hambirang.
Tabel alpabet patota
Soara patota
| Orkhon | Ragam Yenisei |
Transliterasi | IPA | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gombar | Guritan | |||
 |
𐰀 | 𐰁 𐰂 | a, ä | /ɑ/, /æ/ |
 |
𐰃 | 𐰄 | ı, i | /ɯ/, /i/ |
 |
𐰅 | 𐰅 | e | /e/ |
 |
𐰆 | 𐰆 | o, u | /o/, /u/ |
 |
𐰇 | 𐰈 | ö, ü | /ø/, /y/ |
Konsonan patota
Partordingon harmoni soara patota
| Soara parpudi | Soara parjolo | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Orkhon | Ragam Yenisei |
Transliterasi | IPA | Orkhon | Ragam Yenisei |
Transliterasi | IPA | ||
| Gombar | Guritan | Gombar | Guritan | ||||||
 |
𐰉 | 𐰊 | b¹ | /b/ |  |
𐰋 | 𐰌 | b² | /b/ |
 |
𐰑 | 𐰒 | d¹ | /d/ |  |
𐰓 | d² | /d/ | |
 |
𐰍 | 𐰎 | g¹ | /ɣ/ |  |
𐰏 | 𐰐 | g² | /g/ |
 |
𐰞 | 𐰟 | l¹ | /l/ |  |
𐰠 | l² | /l/ | |
 |
𐰣 | n¹ | /n/ |  |
𐰤 | 𐰥 | n² | /n/ | |
 |
𐰺 | 𐰻 | r¹ | /r/ |  |
𐰼 | r² | /r/ | |
 |
𐰽 | s¹ | /s/ |  |
𐰾 | s² | /s/ | ||
 |
𐱃 | 𐱄 | t¹ | /t/ |  |
𐱅 | 𐱆 | t² | /t/ |
 |
𐰖 | 𐰗 | j¹ | /j/ |  |
𐰘 | 𐰙 | j² | /j/ |
 |
𐰴 | 𐰵 | q¹ | /q/ |  |
𐰚 | 𐰛 | k² | /k/ |
 |
𐰸 | 𐰹 | oq, uq, qo, qu, q | /oq/, /uq/, /qo/, /qu/, /q/ |  |
𐰜 | 𐰝 | ök, ük, kö, kü, k | /øk/, /yk/, /kø/, /ky/, /k/ |
Partordingon konsonan na asing patota
| Orkhon | Ragam Yenisei |
Transliterasi | IPA | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gombar | Guritan | |||
 |
𐰲 | 𐰳 | č | /tʃ/ |
 |
𐰢 | m | /m/ | |
 |
𐰯 | p | /p/ | |
 |
𐱁 | 𐱂 𐱀 | š | /ʃ/ |
 |
𐰔 | 𐰕 | z | /z/ |
 |
𐰭 | 𐰮 𐰬 | ñ | /ŋ/ |
 |
𐰱 | ič, či, č | /itʃ/, /tʃi/, /tʃ/ | |
 |
𐰶 | 𐰷 | ıq, qı, q | /ɯq/, /qɯ/, /q/ |
 |
𐰨 | 𐰩 | -nč | /ntʃ/ |
 |
𐰪 | 𐰫 | -nj | /ɲ/ |
 |
𐰡 | -lt | /lt/, /ld/ | |
 |
𐰦 | 𐰧 | -nt | /nt/, /nd/ |
| 𐰿 | aš | /aʃ/ | ||
| 𐱇 | ot, ut | /ot/, /ut/ | ||
| 𐱈 | baš | /baʃ/ | ||
Sipata tanda (⁚) diparhaseanghon laho pasiranghon pandokan.[3] Adong di pigapiga kasus, tanda bundar (⸰) do na diparhaseanghon.[4]
Umpamana manjaha (sian siamun tu hambirang): 𐱅𐰭𐰼𐰃 (
) na ditransliterasihon gabe t²ñr²i, ia do pandokan goar debata langit ni halak Turkik, Täñri (/tæŋri/).
Unicode patota
Naung ditambahon do Surat Turkik na Robi i tu Unicode Standard dohot persi 5.2 di bulan Oktober taon 2009. Tarmasuk pe ragam "Orkhon" dohot "Yenisei" na gabe karakter sandiri do.
Blok Unicode na dipangkeon tu Surat Turkik na Robi i ma U+10C00-U+10C4F.
| Old Turkic | ||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | A | B | C | D | E | F | |
| U+10C0x | 𐰀 | 𐰁 | 𐰂 | 𐰃 | 𐰄 | 𐰅 | 𐰆 | 𐰇 | 𐰈 | 𐰉 | 𐰊 | 𐰋 | 𐰌 | 𐰍 | 𐰎 | 𐰏 |
| U+10C1x | 𐰐 | 𐰑 | 𐰒 | 𐰓 | 𐰔 | 𐰕 | 𐰖 | 𐰗 | 𐰘 | 𐰙 | 𐰚 | 𐰛 | 𐰜 | 𐰝 | 𐰞 | 𐰟 |
| U+10C2x | 𐰠 | 𐰡 | 𐰢 | 𐰣 | 𐰤 | 𐰥 | 𐰦 | 𐰧 | 𐰨 | 𐰩 | 𐰪 | 𐰫 | 𐰬 | 𐰭 | 𐰮 | 𐰯 |
| U+10C3x | 𐰰 | 𐰱 | 𐰲 | 𐰳 | 𐰴 | 𐰵 | 𐰶 | 𐰷 | 𐰸 | 𐰹 | 𐰺 | 𐰻 | 𐰼 | 𐰽 | 𐰾 | 𐰿 |
| U+10C4x | 𐱀 | 𐱁 | 𐱂 | 𐱃 | 𐱄 | 𐱅 | 𐱆 | 𐱇 | 𐱈 | |||||||
Pustaha patota
- ↑ Scharlipp, Wolfgang (2000). An Introduction to the Old Turkish Runic Inscriptions. Verlag auf dem Ruffel, Engelschoff. ISBN 978-3-933847-00-3.
- ↑ Sinor, Denis (2002). "Old Turkic". History of Civilizations of Central Asia. 4. Paris: UNESCO. hlm. 331–333.
- ↑ "The Unicode Standard, Chapter 14.8: Old Turkic" Unicode Consortium. Dibungka di bulan Maret 2020.
- ↑ "The Unicode Standard, Chapter 14.8: Old Turkic" Unicode Consortium. Dibungka di bulan Maret 2020.