Melati
Melati (Inggeris: Jasmine, sanga goar taksonomi na ima Jasminum[1]) ima sada genus ni somak-somak dohot Jaitun tondong ni Jaitun (Oleaceae). Adong hira-hira 200 ragam asli sian luat namariklim tropis dohot danggol di Eurasia dohot Oseania. Bunga melati on pe bahat disuan mambahen aroma na angur.
Habitat
patotaBunga Melati on somalna mangolu manang maringanan di luat tropis dohot subtropis songon di Eurasia, Australia, dohot Oseania, bope adong holan sada sian 200 ragam adong mangolu di Eropa.[2][3] Pogu angkaragam na mangolu di Asia Dangsina dohot Asia Anggoni.[4]
Bahat ragam ni bunga Melati naung dinaturalisasi di Eropa Mediterania. Songon bunga melati Ispania (Jasminum grandiflorum) rona sian Asia Pastima dohot India, dung i sonari dinaturalisasi di Semenanjung Iberia
Taksonomi
patotaSpesies bunga on ima genus Jasminum nadiklasifikasi di toru ni solkot bunga melati horong ni Jaitun (Oleaceae).[5] Jasminum dibagi gabe lima bagian—Alternifolia, Jasminum, Primulina, Trifoliolata, dohot Unifoliolata.
Etimologi
patotaPanggoaran genus on ro sian hata Persia ima hata yāsamin, nadipadomu sian bahasa Arab, Turki dohot Latin.[6][2][7][8][9][10]
Ragam
patota
Angka ragam ni melati on, ima:[11]
- J. abyssinicum Hochst. ex DC. – Melati harangan
- J. adenophyllum Wall. – melati anggur balau, melati pilopilo, melati putri
- J. andamanicum N.P.Balakr. & N.G.Nair
- J. angulare Vahl
- J. angustifolium (L.) Willd.
- J. auriculatum Vahl – melati India, melati bunga jarum
- J. azoricum L.
- J. beesianum Forrest & Diels – melati narara
- J. dichotomum Vahl – Melati Pantai Sere
- J. didymum G.Forst.
- J. dispermum Wall.
- J. elegans Knobl.
- J. elongatum (P.J.Bergius) Willd.
- J. floridum Bunge
- J. fluminense Vell.
- J. fruticans L.
- J. grandiflorum L. – Melati Katalan, aroma melati, melati harajaan, melati Ispania
- J. grandiflorum L.Vell.
- J. humile L. – melati Italia, melati huning Italia
- J. lanceolarium Roxb.
- J. laurifolium Roxb. ex Hornem. melati sayap malaikat
- J. malabaricum Wight
- J. mesnyi Hance – Melati Japang, melati primrose (mawar), melati kuning
- J. multiflorum (Burm.f.) Andrews – Melati India, melati bintang, melati musim dingin
- J. multipartitum Hochst. – melati riar marbintang
- J. nervosum Lour.
- J. nobile C.B.Clarke
- J. nudiflorum Lindl. – melati musim dingin
- J. odoratissimum L. – melati huning
- J. officinale L. – melati umum, melati, melati penyair, melati musim panas, melati nabontar
- J. parkeri Dunn – melati kerdil (teger)
- J. polyanthum Franch.
- J. sambac (L.) Aiton – Melati arab, melati sambac
- J. simplicifolium G.Forst.
- J. sinense Hemsl.
- J. subhumile W.W.Sm.
- J. subtriplinerve Blume
- J. tortuosum Willd.
- J. urophyllum Hemsl.
- J. volubile Jacq..
Bunga Nasional
patotaAdong marpiga nagara manang nagara bagian mambahen bunga Melati gabe simbol nasional. Angka nagara i, tarmasuk ma:
- Indonesia: Jasminum sambac ima bunga nasional, diadopsi taon 1990.[12] Bunga "melati putih" bahat dipangke tingki ulaon parbagason somalna di pulo Jawa.
- Siria: Kota di Siria, ima Damaskus dijou Kota Melati.[13]
- Hawaii: Jasminum sambac ("pikake") ima bunga umum nadipangke di leis, gabe subjek bahat ni ende sian nagara Hawaii.
- Pakistan: Jasminum officinale ditanda panggoaran na "chambeli" sanga "yasmin", ima bunga nasional Pakistan.
- Pilipina: Jasminum sambac ima simbol bunga nasional ni Pilipina. Diadopsi taon 1935, ditanda panjouanna di Pilipina ima "sampaguita".
- Thailand: Bunga melati dipangke gabe simbol keibuan di Thailand.[14]
Pustaha
patota- ↑ Sunset Western Garden Book (1995), alaman 606–607, 6 September 2021
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 C.C. Townsend and Evan Guest (1980). "Jasminum officinale," in Flora of Iraq, Vol. 4.1. Baghdad, alaman 513–519, 6 September 2021
- ↑ Ernst Schmidt. Mervyn Lötter. Warren McCleland. Trees and shrubs of Mpumalanga and Kruger National Park (2002), Jacana Media, alaman 530, 6 September 2021
- ↑ H. Panda. Cultivation and Utilization of Aromatic Plants (2005), National Institute Of Industrial Research, alaman 220, 6 September 2021
- ↑ A.K. Singh. Flower Crops: Cultivation and Management (2006), New India Publishing, alaman 193–205, 6 September 2021
- ↑ F. Steingass (1891). A Comprehensive Persian-English Dictionary. London, alm. 1526.
- ↑ Karl Vollers (1896). "Beiträge zur Kenntniss der lebenden arabischen Sprache in Aegypten," in Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft 50: 650.
- ↑ "jasmine, -in, jessamine, -in", OED
- ↑ "jasmine." Webster's Third New International Dictionary, Unabridged. Merriam-Webster, 2002.
- ↑ Metcalf, 1999, alm. 123.
- ↑ Jasminum information from NPGS/GRIN, Germplasm Resources Information Network - USDA, Beltsville - Maryland, 6 September 2021
- ↑ Keputusan Presiden No. 4 Tahun 1993 (2 April 2012), www.proxsis.com, 6 September 2021
- ↑ Anabel Bachour Damascus, the City of Jasmine (23 Februari 2017), Peacock Plume, Student Media, The American University of Paris, France, 6 September 2021
- ↑ Symbolic and spiritual meaning of jasmine flowers (3 Januari 2017), Gardening Tips, 6 September 2021